It may seem like a baby’s life is simply eating and sleeping, with bursts of crying. But much more is happening: baby’s brain is growing and developing very rapidly and it is doing so in response to her experiences. The first developmental task of babies is to cope with all the new stimuli of this world outside the uterus. She is looking, hearing, moving, being moved, and sensing temperature, touch, gravity, textures. Her sense of smell and taste are especially acute. Within this cornucopia of sensory inputs, baby must begin to recognize, categorize, and make associations. If the experience is too intense, overly long or if baby’s ability to contend with the world is diminished by a lack of sleep, or a slight illness she may become overstimulated. If overstimulation is left un-checked, baby may become stressed. We’ll talk about that another time.
How will you know when she is overstimulated? Simply observing your baby closely will give you the answer. With just a little attention to her behavior, you will notice when her ability to cope is coming to an end. What you may see is that she looks away. Her eyes turn away from her interest (this could be your face or a mobile) and you sense that she is primarily intending to dis-engage and not that something else has caught her attention and she is attending to something new. No, her gaze is turned away and may be a little dull, distracted. Coupled with this averted gaze is also a slight drop in facial muscle tone and perhaps in general body tone, too. So you may see those little cheeks are not as lifted, her mouth may be open, her arms are loosely at her sides, fingers un-curled, legs dangling over your arm. Her skin color may also pale a bit.
Another constellation of behavioral cues of overstimulation would be manifestations of tenseness. Her face may show a frown or a look of concern. There might be a furrowed brow or a grimace. Her little arms and legs might be held tense or move abruptly, her hands in fists and toes curled.
Other frequent signs that baby is exceeding her threshold of tolerance for stimulation could be hiccoughing, sneezing, or regurgitation.
Each individual baby has her own unique repertoire of behaviors that you will recognize as indicative of her current level of coping. Although this list is not all inclusive it highlights the most common behaviors to help you get started. So let’s summarize, seven common signs of overstimulation in a baby:
- gaze aversion
- loss of muscle tone
- frowning/grimace
- mild paling of color
- fisting/curled toes
- hiccoughs/sneezing
- regurgitation
Have you noticed any of these signs in your baby? Have you noticed other things your baby does just before becoming very upset?